Posts made by Julian

3G is a collection of third generation cellular data technologies. The first generation (1G) was introduced in 1982, while the second generation of cellular data technologies (2G) became standardized in the early 1990s. 3G technologies were introduced as early as 2001, but did not gain widespread use until 2007.
In order to be labeled 3G, a cellular data transfer standard must meet a set of specifications defined by the International Telecommunications Union, known as IMT-2000. For example, all 3G standards must provide a peak data transfer rate of at least 2 Mbps. Most 3G standards, however, provide much faster transfer rates of up to 14.4 Mbps.
While many cell phone companies market phones with 3G technology, there is no single 3G standard. Rather, different companies use their own technologies to achieve similar data transfer rates. For example, AT

A clock cycle, or simply a cycle, is a single electronic pulse of a CPU. During each cycle, a CPU can perform a basic operation such as fetching an instruction, accessing memory, or writing data. Since only simple commands can be performed during each cycle, most CPU processes require multiple clock cycles.
In physics, the frequency of a signal is determined by cycles per second, or hertz. Similarly, the frequency of a processor is measured in clock cycles per second. Since modern processors can complete millions of clock cycles every second, processor speeds are often measured in megahertz or gigahertz.
The frequency of a processor is also known as the processors clock speed. While the clock speed is important in determining the processors overall performance, it is not the only factor. Since processors have different instruction sets, they may differ in the number of cycles needed to complete each instruction, or CPI (cycles per instruction). Therefore, some processors can perform faster than others, even at slower clock speeds.

A character is any letter, number, space, punctuation mark, or symbol that can be typed on a computer. The word computer, for example, consists of eight characters. The phrase Hi there. takes up nine characters. Each character requires one byte of space, so computer takes up 8 bytes. The list of characters that can be typed is defined by the ASCII and extended ASCII set. Some of the symbols available are pretty strange and may even make you say, Thats quite a character!

A batch file is a type of script that contains a list of commands. These commands are executed in sequence and can be used to automate processes. For example, some programs may include a batch file that executes a number of commands as the program starts up. A user can also create a custom batch file to automate tedious processes such as copying multiple directories or renaming several files at once.
Batch files are run by the COMMAND.COM program, which is part of DOS and Windows. Therefore, batch files can only be run within the Windows operating system. Macintosh and Unix have other scripting tools, such as AppleScript and Unix shell commands, that can be used for similar tasks. Because batch files contain executable commands, it is important not to open unknown batch files on your hard disk or in e-mail attachments.
File Extensions: .BAT, .CMD

A bare metal restore is a type of computer restoration process that restores the full software configuration from a specific system. It may be used to restore a computer system from a backup or simply migrate the software configuration from one machine to another.
The terms restore and bare metal restore are often used interchangeably, since they both refer to bringing a computer back to a specific state. However, a bare metal restore is unique in that it can be used to restore a specific software configuration to a dissimilar hardware configuration. For example, a bare metal restore may used to restore a Linux system to a new computer made by a different manufacturer. I can also be used to restore a complete system to a new hard drive with different partition sizes.
A bare metal restore is similar to a disk image restore, since both types of restores are used to rebuild a computers software from scratch. However, a disk image restore simply copies the data bit-for-bit to a specific storage device. This may cause problems if the new hardware does not support certain configurations contained in the disk image. Therefore, web hosting companies and network admins often create bare metal backups for their clients, which can be used to perform a bare metal restore.

An assembly language is a low-level programming language designed for a specific type of processor. It may be produced by compiling source code from a high-level programming language (such as C/C ) but can also be written from scratch. Assembly code can be converted to machine code using an assembler.
Since most compilers convert source code directly to machine code, software developers often create programs without using assembly language. However, in some cases, assembly code can be used to fine-tune a program. For example, a programmer may write a specific process in assembly language to make sure it functions as efficiently as possible.
While assembly languages differ between processor architectures, they often include similar instructions and operators. Below are some examples of instructions supported by x86 processors.
The following assembly language can be used to add the numbers 3 and 4:
mov eax, 3 - loads 3 into the register eaxmov ebx, 4 - loads 4 into the register ebxadd eax, ebx, ecx - adds eax and ebx and stores the result (7) in ecx
Writing assembly language is a tedious process since each operation must be performed at a very basic level. While it may not be necessary to use assembly code to create a computer program, learning assembly language is often part of a Computer Science curriculum since it provides useful insight into the way processors work.

The word architecture typically refers to building design and construction. In the computing world, architecture also refers to design, but instead of buildings, it describes the design of computer systems. Computer architecture is a broad topic that includes everything from the relationship between multiple computers (such as a client-server model) to specific components inside a computer.
The most important type of hardware design is a computers processor architecture. The design of the processor determines what software can run on the computer and what other hardware components are supported. For example, Intels x86 processor architecture is the standard architecture used by most PCs. By using this design, computer manufacturers can create machines that include different hardware components, but run the same software. Several years ago, Apple switched from the PowerPC architecture to the x86 architecture to make the Macintosh platform more compatible with Windows PCs.
The architecture of the motherboard is also important in determining what hardware and software a computer system will support. The motherboard design is often called the chipset and defines what processor models and other components will work with the motherboard. For example, while two motherboards may both support x86 processors, one may only work with newer processor models. A newer chipset may also require faster RAM and a different type of video card than an older model.
NOTE: Most modern computers have 64-bit processors and chipsets, while earlier computers used a 32-bit architecture. A computer with a 64-bit chipset supports far more memory than one with a 32-bit chipset and can run software designed specifically for 64-bit processors.

802.11b is a Wi-Fi standard developed by the IEEE for transmitting data over a wireless network. It operates on a 2.4 GHz band and allows for wireless data transfers up to 11 Mbps. A faster standard, called 802.11g, was introduced a few years after 802.11b and supports data transfer rates up to 54 Mbps. This can make a difference in the speed of data transfers within a local network, but since broadband Internet access is limited to around 5 Mbps, a 802.11b wireless connection will not be a bottleneck for Internet access. Most wireless networks are based on either 802.11b or 802.11g.