Antonomasia

[Sarah]

The use of some epithet or the name of some office, dignity, orthe like, instead of the proper name of the person; as when hismajesty is used for a king, or when, instead of Aristotle, we say,the philosopher; or, conversely, the use of a proper name instead ofan appellative, as when a wise man is called a Solomon, or an eminentorator a Cicero.