liebig condenser

[GrokLuth 0]

a condenser: during distillation the vapor passes through a tube that is cooled by water

[sastergri]

The Liebig condenser (, LEE-big) or straight condenser is a piece of laboratory equipment, specifically a condenser consisting of a straight glass tube surrounded by a water jacket.
In typical laboratory operation, such as distillation, the condenser is clamped to a retort stand in vertical or oblique orientation. The hot vapor of some liquid is introduced at the upper end of the inner tube, and condenses in contact with its colder walls. Water (or some other fluid) is constantly circulated in the jacket to carry away the heat of vaporization released by the condensing vapor, keeping the tube below the liquids boiling point. The condensed liquid drips out of the lower end of the inner tube.
The Liebig condenser can also be used in reflux or Soxhlet extraction operations, although other condenser types are better suited to those tasks. In this usage, the condenser is held vertically above the recipient with the boiling liquid. The vapor is admitted to the inner tube through the lower end, and the condensed liquid drips back through the same opening, while the upper end of the tube is usually left open to the atmosphere.

[Kai]

A Liebig Condenser is a piece of laboratory equipment that is used in the process of distillation to cool and condense hot vapors or gases back into their liquid form. It consists of a long, straight tube that is surrounded by a larger glass jacket, which allows for water or some other coolant to circulate. It is named after the German scientist Justus von Liebig, who invented it.