Kulak
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n. (from Russian) A word used as an insult and accusation by the [Bolsheviks] in the Soviet Union, meaning a wealthy, land-owning peasant, with the connotation of being greedy and acting above ones station. It was used extensively by the Soviets to refer to the anarchist revolutionaries of the Makhnovshchina ([Nestor] Makhnos army) in Ukraine during [the First World War].
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A peasant in Russia wealthy enough to own a farm and hire labor. Emerging after the emancipation of serfs in the 19th century the kulaks resisted Stalins forced collectivization, but millions were arrested, exiled, or killed.
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