Doping

[Monty]

An [antiquated] form of cheating used in the 70s by competative [swimmers] and track runners.
An [athelete] has some of their blood removed prior to a match (far enough in advance that the body regenerates the lost blood) and then immediately before the competition redeposits the extracted blood in their body. This process gives the athelete highly oxidated blood which enhances their performance.
It is no longer done as nowadays advanced performance-enhancing drugs can replicate the effect.

[Sommer]

Doping in Track Events - General Terms. All competitors are required to make themselves available for random drug testing. If any prohibited substance is found to be present within body tissue or fluids, the competitor is immediately suspended until a hearing at which the officiating body will make a final decision on the competitors fate. If found guilty, a competitor faces a minimum ban of four years and a maximum of a life ban from the sport.

[Jason Yan]

the act of giving a person or animal drugs in order to make them perform better or worse in a competition: