Other birth defects of the heart

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Many other heart defects may also occur. (See also Overview of Heart Defects.)
Most of these defects are very rare. Some of these include

Aortopulmonary window
Bicuspid aortic valve
Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
Double outlet right ventricle
Ebstein anomaly
Pulmonary atresia with an intact ventricular septum
Single ventricle defects
Tricuspid atresia

Symptoms of these defects vary, depending on the specific defect and its severity, but they may cause a bluish color in the skin (cyanosis) or an abnormal heart rhythm. Doctors often suspect a heart defect when they hear a heart murmur during an examination with a stethoscope, but usually they do echocardiography (ultrasonography of the heart) to confirm the diagnosis.
Surgical repair of the defect is usually needed.