Introduction to bites and stings

[Tanya Shivari]

Many creatures, including humans, bite when frightened or provoked. Others include

Alligators and crocodiles
Iguanas
Mites
Ticks
Various nonhuman animals

Bites may cause injuries ranging from superficial scratches to extensive wounds and often become infected with bacteria from the mouth of the biting creature.
Certain animals, insects, and arthropods can inject venom (poison) through mouthparts or a stinger. These venoms range in toxicity from mild to life threatening. Even mildly toxic venoms may cause serious allergic reactions. Creatures known for their stinging bites include

Bees, wasps, and hornets
Centipedes and millipedes
Insects
Jellyfish
Lizards other than iguanas
Mollusks
Puss moth caterpillars
Scorpions
Sea urchins
Snakes
Spiders
Stingrays

Doctors diagnose most bites and stings by talking with and examining the person. If a wound is deep, x-rays or other imaging studies are sometimes done to look for teeth or other hidden foreign material. The most effective way to prevent infection and scarring is usually thorough cleaning and proper wound care, done as soon as possible. Doctors usually ask about a person