Depersonalization/derealization disorder

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Depersonalization/derealization disorder involves a persistent or recurring feeling of being detached from one’s body or mental processes, like an outside observer of ones life (depersonalization), and/or a feeling of being detached from ones surroundings (derealization).

The disorder is usually triggered by severe stress, particularly emotional abuse or neglect during childhood, or other major stresses (such as experiencing or witnessing physical abuse).
Feelings of detachment from self or the surroundings may occur periodically or continuously.
After tests are done to rule out other possible causes, doctors diagnose the disorder based on symptoms.
Psychotherapy, especially cognitive-behavioral therapy, is often helpful.

(See also Overview of Dissociative Disorders.)
Temporary feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization are common. About one half of people have felt detached from themselves (depersonalization) or from the surroundings (derealization) at one time or another. This feeling often occurs after people

Experience life-threatening danger
Take certain drugs (such as marijuana, hallucinogens, ketamine, or Ecstasy)
Become very tired
Are deprived of sleep or sensory stimulation (as may occur when they are in an intensive care unit)

Depersonalization or derealization can also occur as a symptom in many other mental disorders, as well as in physical disorders, such as seizure disorders.
Depersonalization/derealization feelings are considered a disorder when the following occur:

Depersonalization or derealization occurs on its own (that is, it is not caused by drugs or another mental disorder), and it persists or recurs.
The symptoms are very distressing to the person or make it difficult for the person to function at home or at work.

Depersonalization/derealization disorder occurs in about 2% of the population and affects men and women equally.
The disorder may begin during early or middle childhood. It rarely begins after age 40.