• Acute infectious arthritis is a joint infection that evolves over hours or days. The infection resides in synovial or periarticular tissues and is usually bacterial—in younger adults, frequently Neisseria gonorrhoeae. However, nongonococcal bacterial infections can also occur and can rapidly destroy joint structures. Symptoms include rapid onset of pain, effusion, and restriction of both active and passive range of motion, usually within a single joint. Diagnosis requires synovial fluid analysis and culture. Treatment is IV antibiotics and drainage of pus from joints.
    Acute infectious arthritis is most common in older adults, but may occur in children. About 50% of children with joint infection are lt; 3 years. However, routine childhood vaccination for Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae is decreasing the incidence of joint infection in this age group.


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